Browse Items (169 total)

Scenario#: 1     Date: 406-BC     Location: Akragas, Sicily

The Carthaginians on their third invasion of Sicily laid siege to the city of Acragas. The Syracusans under the command of general Daphnaeus marched to Acragas aid. A long battle outside the walls followed with the Syracusans winning the day, …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 2     Date: 341-BC     Location: Fiumefreddo, Sicily

The Carthaginians learned from earlier defeats in Sicily that they had to field reliable, trained heavy infantry of their own. They formed the Sacred Band, a force of about 2,500 excellently trained Carthaginians, as good or better than the best …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 3     Date: 253-BC     Location: Bagradas, Tunisia

The Romans are on the verge of defeating Carthage and ending the First Punic War. Regulus and a veteran Roman army have landed in Africa, and though woefully short of cavalry, have defeated several Carthaginian forces. Desperate, the Carthaginians…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 4     Date: 218-BC     Location: Ticinus River, Italy

Hannibal has completed his epic march across the Alps, but has lost fully half of his soldiers in doing so. The Consul in Southern Gaul, Publius Scipio, has shadowed Hannibal’s advance following the coastal route. He intercepts Hannibal in Northern …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 5     Date: 212-BC     Location: Trebbia, Italy

After the battle at the Ticinus River, Hannibal soon faced an entire Roman army under the Consul Sempronius. As vain as he was inept, Sempronius wanted a victory to finish our his year as Consul. He took no cautionary advise …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 6     Date: 217-BC     Location: Perugia, Italy

Much of Hannibal’s “genius” for warfare lay in his ability to take the measure of his opponents’ abilities and intentions. His opponent in 217 BC was Roman Consul Gaius Flaminius, a vain and incompetent patrician. Armed with this knowledge, Hannibal…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 7     Date: 216-BC     Location: Cannae, Italy

Now, fully aware of the threat posed by Hannibal, the Romans assembled a truly large army, perhaps up to 80,000 strong, led by two consuls and two pro-consuls. Unfortunately, on the day of battle, the incompetent consul Varrus held command and…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 8     Date: 215-BC     Location: Catalonia, Spain

After Cannae, Rome struggled to rebuild its armies, but needed time. In Spain, Hannibal’s brother Hasdrubal commanded an army large enough to possibly let Carthage win the war – if it united with Hannibal’s victorious veterans. Standing in his way, …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 9     Date: 214-BC     Location: Benevento, Italy

Desperate for manpower to replace the losses at Cannae, the Romans found a unique solution. They formed two legions from slaves. They were given to the Consul Gracchus who saw their potential and trained them well. Two years later, still …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 10     Date: 211-BC     Location: Castulo, Spain

Time runs out for Publius Scipio. After several years of unbroken successes, the Scipio brothers rashly divide their armies to defeat the Carthaginians in detail. As Publius’s army nears Castulo, he realizes he is facing superior Carthaginian numbers…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 11     Date: 208-BC     Location: Baecula, Spain

Publius Cornelius Scipio inherited his slain father’s bravery, but he also had the intelligence to modify standard Roman tactical doctrine. As he rebuilt and retrained the legions in Spain, he made them far more flexible tactically than any other…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 12     Date: 207-BC     Location: Fano, Italy

In 207 BC Rome has a big problem—Hasdrubal and his army from Spain are in northern Italy, advancing to combine with Hannibal and possibly win the war. The Carthaginians have a problem too. The Romans know Hasdrubal is coming, but …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 13     Date: 206-BC     Location: Seville, Spain

Hasdrubal’s departure left only two Carthaginian armies in Spain under mediocre commanders (Hasdrubal – yes another one, and Mago). Scipio made steady progress against them, securing territory and prompting many Spanish tribes to come over to the…

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 14     Date: 203-BC     Location: Zana, Tunisia

Scipio, the victor of Baecula and Ilipa, has led his battle-hardened army to Africa, and has placed the city of Utica under siege. The Great Numidian cavalry leader, Masinissa, has gone over to the Roman side. While the siege continues, …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 15     Date: 202-BC     Location: Siliana, Tunisia

Carthage is on the verge of defeat. Spain has been lost. Scipio has landed in Africa and beaten a large, but inexperienced, Carthaginian army at the Battle of the Great Plains, and Masinissa with his vaunted Numidian light horse has …

Commands & Colors: AncientsC&C Ancients
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Scenario#: 101     Date: 490-BC     Location: Marathon, Greece

King Darius I of Persia sent an expedition against Athens in reprisal for the burning of Sardes in 498 BC during the failed Ionian Revolt. The Persian fleet under the joint command of Datis and Artaphernes landed near Marathon bay, …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 102     Date: 480-BC     Location: Himera, Sicily

Phoenicia and Greece both colonized the western Mediterranean. Carthage unified the Punic cities into an empire, while Syracuse rose to become the leading Greek city under its first Tyrant, Gelon. With Theron of Akragas, Gelon took control of Himera…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 103     Date: 479-BC     Location: Plataea, Greece

The Persian emperor Xerses I led a massive invasion of Greece to avenge the defeat of his father’s forces at Marathon. After annihilating the 300 Spartans at Thermopylae, Xerxes captured and burned Athens. Macedon, Thessaly and Boeotia submitted to…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 104     Date: 371-BC     Location: Leuctra, Greece

Sparta’s victory over Athens in the Peloponnesian War (431- 404) cemented the reputation of her hoplites as the premier infantry force in the world. However, Spartan arrogance following this victory led to the outbreak of hostilities with her former…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 105     Date: 362-BC     Location: Mantinea, Greece

Thebes’ shocking victory at Leuctra in (371) had ended the Spartan hegemony over Greece. Epaminondas then organized the Arcadian League of cities in the Peloponnesus, in order to counter-balance Sparta and ensure Theban supremacy. A division in the…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 106     Date: 352-BC     Location: Thessaly, Greece

In 359 BC, Philip became king of Macedon. As a youth he had been a hostage in Thebes, where he observed the innovations of Epaminondas. Applying these lessons, Philip created a combined arms force of a maneuverable phalanx, cavalry and …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 107     Date: 334-BC     Location: Biga Çayı, Turkey

Alexander succeeded his father in 336 BC, and after securing control of Macedon and the other Greek states, he marched east to challenge the Persian Empire. He crossed the Hellespont into Asia with about 32,000 infantry and 5,100 cavalry. Darius …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 108     Date: 333-BC     Location: Issus, Turkey

After the battle of Granicus River, Darius assembled a new army near Babylon while Alexander overran Asia Minor. Darius advanced into Syria to await the Macedonian invader. However, when Alexander’s advance was delayed due to his illness, Darius…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 109     Date: 331-BC     Location: Erbil, Iraq

Rather than pursue Darius after the victory at Issus (333), Alexander turned south to neutralize the Persian fleet. In a two-year campaign he captured Tyre and Gaza, and conquered Egypt. In 331, Alexander marched into Mesopotamia, intent on attacking…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 110     Date: 329-BC     Location: Khujand, Tajikistan

By 329 BC Alexander had completed the subjugation of the eastern Persian satraps, and his army was building a new city, Alexandria Eschate, on the banks of the Jaxartes, to guard his northeastern frontier. A Scythian force under their chief, …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 111     Date: 326-BC     Location: Punjab Province, Pakistan

Having gained control over all of the known civilized world, Alexander ventured into India in 326 BC. He met Resistance from Porus at the River Hydaspes. Porus’ large corps of 200 elephants thwarted all of Alexander’s attempts to cross the …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 112     Date: 321-BC     Location: Dardanelles, Turkey

Alexander's death in 323 BC threw his empire into a state of political and military turmoil, with his generals and governors claiming independent kingdoms as his “Successors” (the Diadochia). Perdiccas inherited the main Macedonian army and the title…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 113     Date: 317-BC     Location: Isfahan, Iran

By 318 BC the Successors had formed two competing alliances: the ‘Royalists’ who claimed to fight to maintain the empire for Alexander’s infant sons, and a rival coalition that sought to claim their own independent kingdoms. The opposing Successor…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 114     Date: 316-BC     Location: Isfahan Province, Iran

After Paraitacene in 317, Eumenes was desperately trying to keep the united Empire of Alexander alive for his heirs. The following year, Antigonus emerged early from winter quarters and force marched across the desert to catch Eumenes off guard.…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 115     Date: 301-BC     Location: Bayat, Turkey

By 309 BC, all of Alexander’s heirs had been executed. The Successors ended the pretense of fighting for the restoration of the empire, and proclaimed themselves kings. With the most powerful army of all the contenders, Antigonus made a bid …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 116     Date: 280-BC     Location: Heraclea, Italy

As a youth, Pyrrhus of Epirus served as a lieutenant under the Diadochi, including Demetrius and Ptolemy. In 297 BC he regained his ancestral kingdom, and went on to seize the throne of Macedon. By 284 he was driven out …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 117     Date: 279-BC     Location: Apulia, Italy

Pyrrhus of Epirus nearly doubled the size of his army after his victory at Heraclea with Greeks, Samnites and Lucanians flocking to his standard. After absorbing the new recruits, Pyrrhus set off towards Rome. His advance was stopped at Asculum …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 118     Date: 275-BC     Location: Benevento, Italy

After the battle of Asculum, Pyrrhus left Italy for a three-year campaign in Sicily. Although he defeated the Carthaginians in every battle, he could not drive them off the island. Pyrrhus decided to return to Italy. Years of attrition and …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 119     Date: 217-BC     Location: Raphia, Gaza Strip

The Wars of the Successors led to the establishment of three Hellenistic Kingdoms: the Antigonids (Macedon), the Ptolemies (Egypt) and the Seleucids (from Asia Minor to India). The Seleucid Empire began to fragment, losing Judea and most of its…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 120     Date: 197-BC     Location: Thessaly, Greece

Victory in the Second Punic War (218-201 BC) established Rome as the dominant power in the Western Mediterranean. Since Philip V of Macedon had allied with Hannibal during that war, Rome had a score to settle. Rome used complaints from …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 121     Date: 190-BC     Location: Izmir Province, Turkey

Following his defeat at Raphia, Antiochus III campaigned continuously to restore his empire. He re-conquered Asia Minor, Armenia, Parthia and Bactria. Next, he avenged Raphia with a decisive victory over the Ptolemaic Egyptians at Panion in 199 BC.…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 122     Date: 376-BC     Location: Cronium, Sicily

In 410 BC, Carthage invaded Greek Sicily, ending seventy years of peace. In the turmoil surrounding the Punic invasion, Dionysius I was able to establish a tyranny in Syracuse in 405. Dionysius initiated a series of wars against Carthage and …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 123     Date: 306-BC     Location: Ganges Valley, India

Seleucus of Syria crossed the Indus in 306 to recapture the Ganges Valley that had been overrun by the Mauryan king, Chandragupta. Using a cavalry feint, Seleucus had crossed the Indus and drew up in a strong defensive position. Deployed …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 124     Date: 168-BC     Location: Pydna, Greece

The Roman victory at Cynoscephalae (197) had humbled, but not eliminated, the Macedonian army. As the reality of Roman world domination became clear, most of Greece rallied to support Perseus, the son of Philip V. The Third Macedonian War broke …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #1: Greeks and Eastern Kingdoms
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Scenario#: 201     Date: 225-BC     Location: Faesulae, Italy

The Cisalpine Gauls (those living south of the Alps) had sacked Rome in 390 BC and fought intermittently with Rome for the next 150 years. After a series of defeats early in the Third century BC, the Gauls remained quiet …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 202     Date: 225-BC     Location: Talamone, Italy

Aenorestes and Concolitanus retreated northwards, pursued by Aemilius Papus with about 30,000 troops. It looked like the Gauls would escape with their booty. Then fortune smiled on Rome. The consul Atilius Regulus was returning from suppressing a…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 203     Date: 222-BC     Location: Casteggio, Italy

Not content with the slaughter of the Gauls at Telamon, the Romans launched a series of punitive expeditions into Cisalpine Gaul over the next three years. In 222 a combined Roman army under the consuls Marcus Claudius Marcellus and Gnaeus …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 204     Date: 105-BC     Location: Arausio, France

Following the Punic Wars, Rome set out to consolidate the territories it had captured beyond the Alps. At the same time a major migration by the Cimbri, Teutons and Ambrones under the Kings Boiorix and Teutobod was moving south, reportedly …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 205     Date: 103-BC     Location: Caltabellotta, Sicily

The fiercest Slave revolt outbreak, before Spartacus, was known as the Second Sicilian Slave War (104-100 BC). Publius Licinius Nerva, governor of Sicily, in accordance with a Senatorial order that no citizen of an allied state could be kept as …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 206     Date: 102-BC     Location: Aix-en-Provence, France

Following the disaster at Aruasio in 105 BC, Rome elected Marius as Consul to deal with the emergency. He was granted a reprieve as the Teutones and Ambrones decided to invade Spain rather than Italy, and spent the years 104-103 …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 207     Date: 101-BC     Location: Vercellae, Italy

Following his victory over the Teutons and Ambrones at the Battle of Aquae Sextiae, Gaius Marius moved east to join Quintus Lutatius Catulus against the Cimbri in the Po valley of northern Italy. Beorix, the Cimbri king, had been waiting …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 208     Date: 73-BC     Location: Mt. Vesuvius, Italy

The greatest slave revolt against Rome was led by a gladiator named Spartacus. He was a Thracian slave, trained as a gladiator by his owner, Lentulus Batiatus, at a gladiatorial school near Capua. Spartacus escaped from the school with 78 …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 209     Date: 72-BC     Location: Mt. Garganus, Italy

Spartacus was an able strategist, and he knew that his rag-tag army could not expect to defy Rome indefinitely. Spartacus planned to escape from Roman territory over the Alps, and headed north through Apulia. He divided his ever-growing army and …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 210     Date: 72-BC     Location: Marche, Italy

Following the defeat of his lieutenant Crixus, Spartacus continued north for the Alps, passing through Picenum. Two Roman armies moved against him. From the south, the consul Lucius Gellius Publicola pursued with his army, fresh from his victory at…

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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Scenario#: 211     Date: 72-BC     Location: Abruzzo, Italy

In the autumn of 72 BC, Marcus Licinius Crassus was chosen by the Senate to lead the war against Spartacus’ slave army. Crassus, a leading politician, was also rumored to be the richest man in Rome. How all this would …

Commands & Colors: AncientsExpansion #2: Rome and the Barbarians
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